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71.
P.D.Whanger 《环境科学学报(英文版)》1996,8(3):328-340
Seleniummetabolisminanimalsandhumans¥P.D.Whanger(DepartmentofAgriculturalChemistry,OregonUniversity,Oregon97331-7301,USA)Abst... 相似文献
72.
73.
The peroxynitrite/porphyrin biomimetic system was established to investigate the effects of peroxynitrite on benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) metabolism. Three model systems consisting of different iron porphyrins were compared, and the results showed that the peroxynitrite/T(p-Cl)PPFeCl system was the highest catalytic efficiency in the metabolism of B[a]P. We analyzed the B[a]P metabolites produced from this system by RP-HPLC method and firstly identified the formation of nitrobenzo[a]pyrenes which are the special metabolites of B[a]P induced by peroxynitrite. 相似文献
74.
Effect of sulfate on the methanogenic activity of a bacterial culture from a
brewery wastewater during glucose degradation 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
Nusara Sinbuathong Sutha Khaodhiar Winai Liengcharernsit Pramote Sirirote Daniel Watts 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2007,19(9):1025-1027
The maximum specific methanogenic activity (SMA) of a sludge originating from a brewery wastewater treatment plant on the degradation of glucose was investigated at various levels of sulfate on a specific loading basis. Batch experiments were conducted in serum bottles at pH 7 and 35℃. A comparison of the values indicates that the SMA of this mixed culture was increased and reached its highest level of 0.128 g CH4 gas COD/(g VSS.d) when biomass was in contact with sulfate at a ratio of 1:0.114 by weight. 相似文献
75.
Irnazaquin applied in legume crops has a long residual time in soil, which often impacts safety of the susceptible crops. To increase safety of imazaquin application, two composted litters, bovine manure (BM) and chicken manure (CM), were used to determine their effects on imazaquin environmental behavior by incorporating each kind of manure into the tested sandy loam soil at 10% (w/w). The degradation of imazaquin in BM- and CM-amended soil was about 2.4 and 1.5 times, respectively, faster than that in unamended soil. The half-lives of imazaquin in BM-amended soil varied between 6.7 and 15.4 d over the temperature range of 20 to 40℃, and the degradation rate constant (k) increased by a factor of about 1.5 for every 10℃ change. Higher mix ratio did not significantly increase the degradation, and the optimal active degradation of imazaquin was observed approximately at the mix ratio of 10:1 of soil to BM. The different moisture levels had negligible effect on imazaquin degradation. In both unamended and BM-amended treatments, two metabolites were observed at 5, 10 and 30 d after treatment. One metabolite at retention time (RT) of 8.4 rain was identified as 2-(4- hydroxyl-5-oxo-2-imidazolin-2-yl) quinoline acid, originating from the loss of isopropyl group and hydroxylation at the 4-position of imidazolinone ring. The other at RT of 12.9 rain was identified as quinoline-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride, resulting from detachment of imidazolinone ring and the forming of dicarboxylic anhydride. This finding suggested that the addition of farm litters into soil might be a good management option since it can not only increase soil fertility but also contribute to increase safety of imazaquin application to the following susceptible crops. 相似文献
76.
Zhou Xiaoyan Wen Xianghua Feng Yan 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2007,1(1):89-94
The present work studied the influence of glucose feeding on the ligninolytic enzyme production of Phanerochaete chrysosporium in a nitrogen-limited (C/N ratio is 56/8.8 mmol/L) medium. Several sets of shaking flask experiments were conducted. The
results showed that 2 g/L glucose feeding on the first day of the culture (24 h after the inoculation) simulated both fungal
biomass growth and enzyme production. The manganese peroxidase (MnP) activity was 2.5 times greater than that produced in
cultures without glucose feeding. Furthermore, the glucose feeding mode in fed-batch culture was also investigated. Compared
to cultures with glucose feeding every 48 h, cultures with glucose feeding of 1.5 g/L (final concentration) every 24 h produced
more enzymes. The peak and total yield of MnP activity were 2.7 and 3 times greater compared to the contrast culture, respectively,
and the enzyme was kept stable for 4 days with an activity of over 200 U/L.
Translated from Acta Scientise Circumstantiae, 2007, 27(3): 363–368 [译自: 环境科学学报] 相似文献
77.
78.
Summary. Sequestration of plant toxins in herbivores is often
correlated with aposematic coloration and gregarious behaviour. Larvae
of Pieris brassicae show these conspicuous morphological and behavioural
characteristics and were thus suggested to sequester glucosinolates that
are characteristic secondary metabolites of their host plants. P. rapaeare camouflaged and solitary, and are thus not expected to sequester. To
test this hypothesis and to check the repeatabi-lity of a study that did
report the presence of the glucosinolate sinigrin in P. brassicae,
larvae were reared on three species of Brassicaceae (Sinapis alba,
Brassica nigra and Barbarea stricta), and different leaf and insect
samples were taken for glucosinolate analysis. The major host plant
glucosinolates could only be found in traces or not at all in larval
haemolymph, bled or starved larvae, faeces or pupae of both species or
P. brassicae regurgitant. Haemolymph of both Pieris spp. was not
rejected by the ant Myrmica rubra in dual-choice assays; the regurgitant
of P. brassicae was rejected. This suggests the presence of compounds
other than glucosinolates that might be sequestered in or produced by P.
brassicae only. In faeces of both Pieris spp. a compound which yielded
4-hydroxybenzylcyanide (HBC) upon incubation with sulfatase was detected
in high concentrations when larvae had been reared on S. alba. This
compound may be derived from hydrolysis of sinalbin, the main
glucosinolate of that plant. The unidentified HBC progenitor was
apparently not sequestered in the two Pieris spp., and was not detected
in faeces of larvae reared on B. nigra or B. stricta.
Received 18 July 2002; accepted 11 September 2002. 相似文献
79.
综述了氟化物对植物的光合作用、时吸作用、膜生理和有机物的代谢等生理过程,及异常衰老和遗传变异的影响,并提出了今后的研究方向。 相似文献
80.
采用气相色谱/傅立叶红外光谱和气相色谱/质谱仪分析大鼠肝脏中单甲脒的代谢产物,证明大鼠经口摄入单甲脒后,在肝脏中迅速代谢,其代谢中间产物为2,4-二甲基苯胺和含酰胺基的化全物。 相似文献